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Orthogonal Signal Correction (OSC) for Spectroscopic Data
Add-on software tool provides Orthogonal Signal Correction (OSC), Sample Selection for Calibration Transfer functions.
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Spectroscopy & Near Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy
Spectroscopy is a technique that uses the interaction of energy with a sample to perform an analysis. Spectroscopy pertains to the dispersion of an object's light into its component colors (i.e. energies). The data that is obtained from spectroscopy is called a spectrum. A spectrum is a plot of the intensity of energy detected versus the wavelength (or mass or momentum or frequency, etc.) of the energy.
In simplest terms, spectroscopy requires an energy source and a device for measuring the change in the energy source after it has interacted with the sample (a spectrophotometer or interferometer).
There are several instruments that are used to perform a spectroscopic analysis and produce results. A spectrophotometer is a photometer (a device for measuring light intensity) that can measure intensity as a function of the color, or more specifically, the wavelength of light.
IR Spectroscopy
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NIR Spectroscopy
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Raman Spectroscopy
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Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy) is the subset of spectroscopy that deals with the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum.
It covers a range of techniques, the most common being a form of absorption spectroscopy. As with all spectroscopic techniques, it can be used to identify compounds or investigate sample composition. Infrared spectroscopy correlation tables are tabulated in the literature.
The infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is divided into three regions; the near-, mid- and far- infrared, named for their relation to the visible spectrum. The far-infrared, approximately 400-10 cm-1 (1000–30 μm), lying adjacent to the microwave region, has low energy and may be used for rotational spectroscopy. The mid-infrared, approximately 4000-400 cm-1 (30–1.4 μm) may be used to study the fundamental vibrations and associated rotational-vibrational structure. The higher energy near-IR, approximately 14000-4000 cm-1 (1.4–0.8 μm) can excite overtone or harmonic vibrations.
The names and classifications of these subregions are merely conventions. They are neither strict division nor based on exact molecular or electromagnetic properties
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Near infrared spectroscopy is a spectroscopic method utilizing the near infra-red (NIR) region of the electromagnetic spectrum (from about 1000nm to 2500nm).
Common incandescent or quartz halogen light bulbs are most often used as broadband sources of near infrared radiation. In fact light bulbs are the most common radiation sources for the NIR based analytical applications. It is becoming more common to employ LEDs as well.
Typical applications include pharmaceutical, food and agrochemical quality control, as well as combustion research.
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Raman spectroscopy is a spectroscopic technique used in condensed matter physics and chemistry to study vibrational, rotational, and other low-frequency modes in a system.
It relies on inelastic scattering, or Raman scattering of monochromatic light, usually from a laser in the visible, near infrared, or near ultraviolet range. The laser light interacts with phonons or other excitations in the system, resulting in the energy of the laser photons being shifted up or down. The shift in energy gives information about the phonon modes in the system. Infrared spectroscopy yields similar, but complementary information.
Typically, a sample is illuminated with a laser beam. Light from the illuminated spot is collected |
| (Source : Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia) |
A spectrophotometer consists of two instruments, namely a spectrometer for producing light of any selected color (wavelength), and a photometer for measuring the intensity of light. The photometer delivers a voltage signal to a display device (normally a galvanometer).
A spectrometer is used in spectroscopy for producing spectral lines and measuring their wavelengths and intensities. Thousands of life science and analytical science researchers rely on this powerful collection of processing routines using various spectroscopic instrument(s) / instrument applications to solve some of their most difficult data analysis problems. Scientists engaged in a wide variety of spectroscopic experiments and
disciplines, explore data processing, visualization and reporting packages for data from many types of spectroscopic instruments. Most tools provide advanced processing routines, data comparison and visualization features with ability to handle data from virtually any analytical instrument data station that have set the industry standard in scientific software.
Multivariate data analysis methods have become common tools in applying modern spectroscopic instruments to solve qualitative and quantitative analysis problems. Chemometric techniques such as PLS, PCR, PCA and discriminant analysis have become standard approaches to quickly analysing complex samples from their spectral signatures.
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PCA for spectral data
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MVA for spectral data |
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